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Hacettepe Üniversitesi eski öğr. üyesi |
PRACTICAL
ENGLISH FOR TURKS
A Free Bilingual Electronic Ezine |
Distributed
Bi-Weekly
01/21/02 - 0012 |
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Any effort to increase one's vocabulary, Dear Members, becomes a truly pleasurable activity once we realize how important one's word power really is. Notwithstanding the misleading "What's in a word?", it is through WORDS that a person conceives and expresses his or her whole personality. It is through increasing your vocabulary that you speak and write with confidence, read effectively and efficiently, think dynamically, thus broaden your mental horizons, and learn more quickly, and work more constructively, and more importantly, develop your social contacts and get along really well with people.
Our discerning Members will have noticed that one of the foremost aims of this Ezine is to offer help to those who wish to develop a powerful, effective and colourful vocabulary... I try to make it simple and easy -- and, pleasurable and entertaining as well. It is my conjecture that Members have a chance to gain 25 to 75 new words in each issue, according to their present level of vocabulary skills. That adds up to 200 to 600 new words per month -- which by any evaluative standards must be considered "a lot"...izbul |
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PEOPLE AND EVENTSTURKLAND PROPOSES TO LEAD FORCE IN AFGHANISTANWASHINGTON (AP) --The Bush administration has said that it is ready to discuss the demands to ease import tariffs and write off military debt, but has so far made no promises to Ecevit, who is wrapping up a five-day trip to the United States. to ease = rahatlatmak, kolaylaştırmak (UYARI: Yerimiz nisbetinde verdiğimiz karşılıklar genelde "buradaki anlam" şeklinde anlaşılmalıdır. Sözlükte daha pekçok değişik karşılıklar bulunabilir)... import tariffs = ithalat vergileri, tarife... to write off = silmek... to wrap up a visit = tamamlamak, bitirmek (güzelce sarıp sarmalayıp?!) Ecevit discussed the need for increased trade between the two allies in a meeting with President Bush on Wednesday. Also Wednesday, the State Department announced the establishment of an Economic Partnership Commission to discuss how to improve trade and commercial relations. increased trade = artmış, arttırılmış, daha fazla ticaret... the two allies = iki müttefik... partnership = ortaklık... commercial relations = ticari ilişkiler... Ecevit said it would take time to expand bilateral trade ties and said Turkland was pleased with the Bush administration's statements that trade relations had to be brought to the same level of the strategic ties between the two NATO allies. to expand = genişletmek... bilateral trade ties (trade relations) = ikili (iki taraflı) ticaret bağları (ilişkileri)... between the two NATO allies = iki NATO müttefiki arasında... Economy Minister Kemal Derviş said Turkey's letter of intent would be signed Friday, but said some measures still had to be taken in Turkland before the standby agreement is approved by the IMF executive board. The IMF has already approved $19 billion worth of loans and is expected to lend another dlrs 10 billion under the upcoming agreement. letter of intent = niyet mektubu... measures = önlemler, tedbirler (ayrıca, ölçümler)... executive board = yönetim kurulu... has already approved = bugüne değin onaylamış bulunuyor... loans = krediler, borçlar... upcoming = yakın gelecekteki, yaklaşan, önümüzdeki... Turkland also wants to see more U.S. investment in Turkland, an issue that will be raised in Ecevit's meeting with Commerce Secretary Don Evans on Thursday. will be raised = ortaya konacak, ortaya atılacak, masaya getirilecek... Commerce Secretary = (USA) Ticaret Bakanı (Bizde, Foreign Trade Minister) During the visit, Turkish and U.S. officials also discussed Turkland's proposal to take over the lead of the peacekeeping force in Afghanistan later this year. Britain currently leads the force. Bush welcomed the Turkish proposal but put off a decision whether to help finance the operation. to take over = devralmak... (to hand over = devretmek)... tu put off = ertelemek (to postpone)... a decision whether to help finance the operation = operasyonu finanse etmeğe yardım edip etmeme kararı January 17, 2002 (slightly modified) |
TURKLAND BIDS TO END HUNGER STRIKEANKARA, Turkland (AP) -- The Justice Ministry said Friday it was allowing prisoners in Turkland's maximum security prisons to socialize with other inmates for five hours a week, in an attempt to try and end a yearlong hunger strike that has claimed 45 lives. Justice Ministry = Adalet Bakanlığı... maximum security prisons = F-tipi cezaevleri... to socialize = biraraya gelmek, dostluk kurarak ahbablık etmek... inmates = mahkumlar... that has claimed 45 lives = bugüne değin 45 hayata malolan, 45 kişinin öldüğü... The inmates are fighting transfers from large wards housing up to 100 people to one- or three-inmate cells, which they say leave them vulnerable to abusive guards. About 100 prisoners and their supporters are taking part in the strike. wards = koğuşlar... (hastanede "servis")... to house = barındırmak... one- to three-inmate cells = 1 ila 3 mahkumlu hücreler... vulnerable [val-nırıbl - unutmayın, düm-teketek düzeninde... Eğer vulne-rab-le diyecekseniz, sizi ancak İspanya'da anlarlar!] = "maruz" anlamında kolay yaralanabilir, saldırgan etkilere açık, yumuşak karnı olan, kendini koruyamayacak durumda olan... abusive guards = kötü muamele eden gardiyanlar... taking part in the strike = greve katılıyorlar... The independent Human Rights Association said the strikers vowed to continue their fast, despite the new regulation, which allows prisoners to meet up in groups of 10 for up to five hours a week under strict supervision. Human Rights Association = İnsan Hakları Derneği... under strict supervision = sıkı denetim altında... In a similar move last year, the ministry allowed prisoners limited communal time in libraries and sports halls. The prisoners also rejected that offer and no one signed up for the activities. limited communal time = kısıtlı ortak zaman... rejected that offer = o teklifi reddettiler... no one signed up for = kimse adını yazdırmadı... Selahattin Esmer, an officials with the Human Rights Association, said the inmates could end the strike if they are allowed to roam freely within a limited number of cells. to roam = (sözlük anlamı) başıboş dolaşmak, dilediğince koşuşturmak, avare gezmek... (Burada mecazi = serbest dolaşma) The government refuses any return to the old ward system which it says had become a virtual training camp for militants. the old ward system = eski koğuş sistemi... a virtual training camp = aslına bakılacak olursa hemen hemen bir eğitim kampından başka birşey değil... virtually (for all practical purposes; in effect; almost; nearly) = hemen hemen, neredeyse, aslında öyle sayılabilir... Militant leftist groups leading the strike have claimed responsibility for a number of assassinations and bombings since the 1970s. have claimed responsibility = sorumluluğu üstlendiler... January 19, 2002 (unmodified) |
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CHUNKS OF WISDOM OR DROPLETS OF BANALITY ?
ON HUMAN LIFE, HISTORY AND DESTINYThe young man who has not wept is a savage, and the old man who will not laugh is a fool. -- George Santayana savage [sæ-vic] = 1. (ad) vahşette yaşayan, uygarlaşmamış; 2. (sıfat) vahşi, saldırgan... savagery [sæ-vıcri düm-teke: üç hece] = vahşet, barbarlık... Karşıt anlamlılar: civilized, civilization... AMA, tıpkı uygarlığın karanlık yüzleri de olduğu gibi, "savage" dünyanın da el değmemiş, masum yönleri vardır: "the noble savage" = "soylu vahşi" kavramı ile örneklendiği üzere... A little inaccuracy sometimes saves tons of explanation. -- "SAKI" (H.H. Munro) accurate, accuracy, inaccurate, inaccuracy... "to save" fiili burada "gereksiz kılar, tonlarca açıklamadan kurtarır", anlamında kullanılıyor. Tıpkı, "A stitch in time saves nine" atasözünde olduğu gibi = yırtık büyümeden, zamanında bir ilmek atarsanız, ilerde atmak zorunda kalacağınız dokuz ilmekten kurtulmuş olursunuz... I know why there are so many people who love chopping wood. In this activity one immediately sees the results. -- Albert Einstein to chop wood = odun kırmak, balta ile parçalara ayırmak... Manço'nun "Nick the Chopper"ını anımsayın... Every form of addiction is bad, no matter whether the narcotic be alcohol or morphine or idealism. -- Carl G. Jung addiction [æ-dik-şın] = uyuşturucu vb. bağımlılığı... to be addicted to sth. = birşeye bağımlı olmak... He is an addict. = Uyuşturucu bağımlısıdır... addictive = bağımlılık yapan... Before we can ask such an optimistic question as "What is a personal relationship?", we have to ask if a personal relationship is possible, or, are persons possible in our present situation. -- R.D. Laing Laing, bu görüşü ile, olaya ne derece "pessimistic" baktığını da göstermiş oluyor... "Dying for an idea" sounds well enough, but why not let the idea die instead of you? -- Percy Wyndham Lewis Walla, "bir fikir uğruna ölmek" kulağa çok hoş geliyor da... I would rather be an opportunist and float than go to the bottom with my principles round my neck. -- Earl Stanley Baldwin float [flo:t] = suyun üstünde kalmak, batmamak. "swim" eyleminde ise kendi çabanızla suda yol almak kavramı var... You cannot make a man by standing a sheep on its hind legs, but by standing a flock of sheep in that position you can make a crowd of men. -- Max Beerbohm hind legs arka ayaklar ("behind" sözcüğünün kökü)... a flock of sheep = bir koyun sürüsü... "Sheep", biliyorsunuz, tekil ve çoğul formları aynı olan bir sözcük: One sheep, two sheep... Okunuşunu "gemi" anlamına gelen sözcükten kesinlikle ayırınız: ship [şip], sheep [şi:p]... We define genius as the capacity for productive reaction against one's training. -- Bernard Berenson Dehayı, bir kimsenin aldığı eğitime karşı gösterdiği yaratıcı tepki gücü olarak tanımlıyoruz. The one real object of education is to leave a man in a condition of continually asking questions. -- Bishop Creighton Eğitimin bir gerçek amacı... insanı sürekli sorular sorar bir duruma getirmek (ve orada bırakmak) 'tır... Ve, bunları söyleyen kişi bir din adamı, bir piskopos!... İşte, "kaşaneleri" ile Batı Dünyası ve "viraneleri" ile Doğu Dünyası arasındaki farkın gerçek nedeni... |
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Here Is An Intermediate Level Vocabulary Test I have Prepared For You
1. She wanted to get herself something with an up-to-date design and look; she would not settle for that old--............... trouser suit. a. styled b. fashioned c. modeled d. formed e. moded 2. The ............. wrote favourable reviews concerning the film. a. critics b. announcers c. reporters d. interviewers e. viewers 3. She, at such an early age, has had to resign her position because of .............. . a. ill-intentions b. ill-feelings c. ill-breeding d. ill-health e. ill-manners 4. I .............. one billion liras that they'll manage to get here anyway. a. offer you b. risk to you c. take from you d. hand over to you e. bet you 5. The sign reads: "Smoking is .............. !" a. inhibited b. hindered c. dismissed d. prohibited e. prevented * * * * * Answers A Little Down The Page
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And This Is An Advanced Level Vocabulary TestTest Yourself And See If You Can Find The Synonyms For : -- (1)...alleviation (2)...annihilate (3)...conjecture (4)...exploit (5)...idle (6)...mediocre (7)...outlook (8)...ratify (9)...taciturn (10)...wicked
CLUES AND ASSOCIATED EXPRESSIONS: "Mill" fabrika demektir. Eee, aynı kazandan çıkma ürünlerde birbirine üstünlük sözkonusu olabilir mi? "Sıradan, ortalama" bir ürün işte... mediocre standards, mediocrity... düşük standartlar, sıradanlık... "A tacit agreement" = söze veya yazıya dökülmeyen, sessiz bir anlaşma veya fikir birliği; Laconia = Eski Yunan'da Isparta kenti dolaylarındaki Laconia halkı çok az konuşmaları ile ün salmışlardı... "Exploitation" of the masses/workers/the working class : struggle against which is one of the main tenets of Maxist philosophy... exploitation of natural resources : 1. Kendi yararına kullanma; 2. Aşırı kullanma... To alleviate the pain... to annihilate the enemy... to demolish a building... to exterminate the rats... The engine is idling. = Rölantide çalışıyor, "aylak"lıyor... To ratify a treaty, ratification... His prospects are good... He's got good prospects... Prospective mother = expectant... It is my conjecture that... (Tahminim odur ki...) * * * * * Answers A Little Down The Page You can always mail me, should you have any doubts lingering on your mind.
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NOTES TOWARD A COMPILATION OF ENGLISH IDIOMS FOR TURKSlive in abundance = bolluk içinde yaşamak... "The islanders live in great abundance." access (easy/difficult of access) = kolaylıkla/ güçlükle ulaşılabilen/erişilebilen... The place is very easy/difficult of access." by accident = kazaen, rastlantı sonucu, tesadüf eseri... "He must have cut himself by accident; I don't suppose he would have done it on purpose." meet with an accident = başına istenmedik birşey gelmek... "That project, I'm afraid, met with an accident and had to be abandoned." of one's own accord = zorlama olmaksızın, kendi isteğiyle, yada kendi kendine karar vererek... "We gave no orders to that effect; he must have done it on his own accord." in accordance with = ile uyum içinde olarak, -e uygun olarak, gereğince... "In accordance with their local custom, we stayed up all night merry-making on the beach." according to Hoyle = kurallara tam ve kesin uyulduğunda, aslında... "According to Hoyle visitors may not enter this part of the building, but in your case I think we should make an exception just for this once." account for = nedenini açıklamak, hesabını vermek... "Their manager wants them to account for every penny they spend on their daily expenses." account (not ... on any account / on no account) = asla, hiçbir biçimde... "A fire should not be left unattended on any account. / A fire should on no account be left unattended." (Devrik: "On no account should a fire be left unattended." -- en güzel anlatım olur) account (of no account) = önemsiz, değersiz... "Some people say that I'm no account, others say I'm no good; but I'm just a natural-born travelling-man, doing what I think I should..." ("country" şarkı sözleri.) account (take into account) = dikkate almak, hesaba katmak (= take into consideration)... "You should also take into account that we were terribly short of supplies for the journey." account (take no account of) = dikkate almamak, aldırmamak, boşvermek... "Take no account of him; he's drunk and doesn't know what he's saying." accountable (not accountable for one's actions) = yaptıkları için sorumlu tutulamayacak kimse... "Just ignore her; she's actually senile and not really accountable for her actions." * * * * * |
MEDICAL AND PSEUDO-MEDICAL IDIOMS: BE CAREFUL -- KNOWING THESE OR NOT MAY BECOME A MATTER OF LIFE OR DEATH !!Stick your tongue way out! = dilinizi iyice çıkartınız, dilini iyice çıkart bakayım... (Ses tonunuz konuştuğunuz hastanın özelliklerine göre!) Have you been bringing up any phlegm? = Balgam çıkarıyor musunuz? Take a deep breath with your mouth wide open. = Ağzınızı iyice açıp derin bir nefes alın. Bend your knees; keep your back straight. = Dizlerinizi bükerek oturun; sırtınızı dik tutun. bring around/round = ayıltmak... "Though we've done everything we could to bring him round, he still hasn't regained consciousness." bring to = ayıltmak veya anestezi, hipnoz vb. dan uyandırmak... "The patient was brought to soon after the operation. catch a (bad) cold = soğuk algınlığına yakalanmak... "The boy caught a bad cold when they secretly went for a swim in mid-winter and had to miss two weeks of school." catch one's death of cold = grip vb. ile çok ağır hastalığa tutulmak... "You can't take out the boat in this weather; you'll catch your death of cold." clean bill of health = bir insan veya hayvanın sağlıklı olduğunu gösterir rapor veya belge... "He was given a clean bill of health when he had had a check-up the previous month." come down with ... = ... ile hastalanmak, ...hastalığına yakalanmak... "She came down with pneumonia and had to be hospitalized for a couple of weeks." couch doctor = psiko-analist (hastanın bir "couch" üzerinde uzanarak konuşmasına gönderim yaparak)... "His depressive moods were getting worse and worse; we had to send him to see a couch doctor in the end." dose/taste of one's own medicine = (genellikle olumsuz davranışlar sözkonusu edilerek) kendisine başkalarına davrandığı gibi davranılmak... "She got a taste of her own medicine when people began treating her the way she had always treated them"... (Unutmayın, "to treat", burada "davranmak, muamele etmek")... "Go ahead. Give him a doze of his own medicine!" * * * * *
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